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Printed circuit boards and their assemblies (PCB & PCBA) are the core components of electronic products, and their reliability directly determines the overall reliability of electronic products. To ensure and enhance the quality and reliability of electronic products, it is essential to carry out comprehensive physical and chemical analyses of failures, identify the underlying failure mechanisms, and then propose corresponding improvement measures. MTT possesses profound technical expertise in board-level failure analysis, a complete range of analytical methods, a vast database of case studies, and a team of experienced experts, providing you with high-quality and efficient failure analysis services.
The purpose of electronic component failure analysis is to employ a variety of testing and analytical techniques and procedures to identify the failure phenomena of electronic components, determine their failure modes and mechanisms, identify the ultimate root cause of failure, and propose recommendations for improvements in design and manufacturing processes. This helps prevent the recurrence of failures and improves the overall reliability of the components.
The continuous rise in complexity and performance requirements of integrated circuits, combined with potential risks across design, manufacturing, packaging, and application stages, has led to frequent occurrences of critical failure modes such as short circuits, open circuits, leakage, burnout, and parameter drift. These issues not only result in costly device scrapping and system downtime but also often trigger disputes over responsibility among designers, foundries, packaging and testing houses, and end-users, causing significant economic losses and reputational risks.
The performance requirements for polymer materials continue to rise, while differences in understanding of high-demand products and processes between customers and suppliers often lead to frequent failures such as fracture, cracking, corrosion, and discoloration. These failures frequently cause disputes over responsibility and result in significant economic losses.
The increasingly harsh service environments of metal components place higher demands on material performance and structural reliability. However, factors such as design flaws, material defects, manufacturing deviations, or improper use can readily trigger typical failures including fatigue fracture, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement, creep, wear, and overload deformation.
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Solder Joint Reliability
Solder Joint Quality Assessment
Numerical Simulation Analysis
UL Certification Consultation
High Temperature and High Humidity Test
Corrosion Resistance Test
Particulate Cleanliness
Foreign Object Analysis
Tin Whiskers Observation
Ionic Cleanliness
Temperature Cycling Test
Slicing Analysis
Intermetallic Compound
PCB Stress-Strain Test
PCBA Solder Joint Quality Assessment
Dyeing Test
PCBA Welding Process Qualification
Solder Mask
PCB Physical Property Test
Visual Inspection
Mechanical strength of solder joints
Plated Through-Hole Test
Dynamic thermal deformation (curvature)
TMA Test
Thermogravimetric Analysis
Differential Scanning Calorimeter
Thermal Conductivity
Combustion Test
Principal Component Analysis of Insulation Substrate
Mechanical Property Testing
Thermal Stress Test
Dimensional Measure
ECM/CAF Test
PCB Hazardous Substance Detection
PCB Electrical Performance
Vibration Test
Copper Purity Of Conductor
Solderability Test
Control Of Incoming Electronic Materials
Reliability Assessment Of Electronic Accessories
Compatibility Assessment Of Electronic Accessories And Processes
Selection And Evaluation Of Electronic Accessories
Cleaning Agent Test
Flux Test
Three-Proof Paint Test
Volatile Organic Compounds
Red Phosphorus Detection
Siloxane Test
ELV Test
Phthalate
Asbestos
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Toxic Substances Control Act
PFAS
POPs Control
California 65
Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals
RoHS Regulations
Halogen/Sulfur Content
Shear/Torsion Test
Microscopic Metallographic Analysis
Wear Test
High-Temperature Mechanics
Peel Strength Test
Surface Roughness
Non-metallic inclusions
Grain Size
Macroscopic Metallographic Analysis
Welding Residual Stress
Brand Identification/Recommendation
Electrical Properties (metal)
Depth Measurement Of Carburizing/Nitriding/Hardening Layer
Melting Point Test（Metal）
Hardness Test
Principal Component Analysis
Total Component Analysis
Material Thermal Analysis
Phase Analysis
Fiberglass Content
Ash Content
Flame Retardant Test
Specific Heat Capacity Test
Thermal Expansion Coefficient Test
Glass Transition Temperature
Melting Point Test (Polymer)
Fatigue Test
Impact/Toughness Test
Bending Compression Test
Tensile Test
Temperature and Humidity Cyclic
Surface Insulation Resistance
Rapid Temperature Change Test
The Three-Combination Test
Drop Test
Mechanical Shock Test
Dust Test
Salt Spray Corrosion Test
Flow Gas Corrosion Test
Thermal Shock Test
High Temperature / Low Temperature Storage
Purified Water Physicochemical Analysis
Total Bacterial Count
Total Dissolved Solids
pH Value
Conductivity
Total Organic Carbon
Elemental Analysis
Ionic Analysis
Microscopic Analysis
X-ray Diffraction
Optical Microscope
Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
Dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
EBSD
AFM
Nanoindentation/Nanohardness
Basic Performance Test of Automotive Thermal Management
Automotive Electronic Reliability Testing
PCBA/PCB Testing and Analysis Services
Automotive Electronic Component Test
Connector End Plate Test
Mechanical Testing Of Connectors
Connector Environmental Testing
Electrical Performance Testing Of Connectors
Terminal Mechanical Performance Testing
Mechanical Reliability
Environmental Reliability
Electrical Performance Reliability
Component Fatigue Life Test
Automotive Chip Electronic Reliability Testing
Corrosion Resistance Test
Component Analysis
Particulate Cleanliness Test
Gravel Impact Test
Abrasion Test
Nondestructive Test
Non-Metallic Materials
Metal Material
Coating/Plating Detection
Performance testing of automotive materials
Automotive Pipeline Performance Test
ELV Test
Cells Contact System
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Fault Diagnosis Test
Multi Functional Solder Joint Test
Industrial CT
Focused Ion Beam
Cross-section Polisher
Optical Beam Induced Resistance Change
Thermal EMMI
EMMI Localization
Glass Passivation Layer
Delayering Test
Cratering Test
Sample Preparation Microscopy
Internal Visual Inspection
Laser Decapsulation
Strength Test
External Visual Inspection
C-SAM
SEM
AES
Excitation Test
Reproduction Test
CDM ESD
Human Body Model Electrostatic Discharge
X-RAY
Board-Level Failure Analysis
Whole-Machine Failure Analysis
Hardware White-Box Testing Projects
Component Failure Analysis
Sealing Device
Capacitive MLCC
Expired Material – IC
Counterfeit/Refurbished Device
Plastic-encapsulated Devices
Human Body Model Electrostatic Discharge
Latch-up
Chip Aging and Lifetime Test
Chip Reliability Hardware Design Services
Chip Packaging Reliability Environmental Tests
Automotive Chip Electronic Reliability Testing
Evaluation Of New Materials/New Processes
Hardware White-Box Testing Projects
Localization Device Certification
EHMS
Mixed Oil Analysis
Component Analysis
Debris Analysis
Oil Filter Analysis
Oil Quality Testing
Reliability test
Corrosion Resistance Test
Nondestructive Testing
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Foreign Object Analysis
Bending Test
Long-term Creep Test
Shear Test
Hardness Test
Compression Test
Advanced Material Characterization
Destructive physical Analysis
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Meixin Testing leverages its technological edge in constructing massive failure databases, showcasing its capabilities through comprehensive case studies, solutions for complex scenarios, partnerships with leading enterprises, and systematic intellectual property. Drawing on millions of failure analyses, it delivers precise insights into root causes, enabling inspection reports to provide robust support for clients' quality upgrades and achieve zero failures.
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Stay updated with the latest news from Maxin Testing, including technical developments, exhibitions, and events. We build on a foundation of professional testing to deliver customized solutions for our clients, ensuring quality control from the source. This empowers our clients to stand out in the marketplace and achieve commercial success.
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MTT is a nationally accredited commercial third-party laboratory. We specialize in providing testing services, technical consulting services, and solution services to clients across industries including electronics manufacturing, automotive electronics, semiconductors, and aerospace materials.
Maxin Testing operates laboratory facilities in Shenzhen, Suzhou, and Beijing, featuring multidisciplinary testing and analytical laboratories. The company pioneers an industrial hospital service model grounded in materials science engineering and electronic reliability engineering.
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Grain Size

The number of grains per unit area is related to the grain size. The grain size has a decisive influence on the mechanical properties of metals such as tensile strength, toughness, and plasticity. By examining the grain size of a material, its performance can be evaluated.

Grain Size

| Project Overview

 

The number of grains per unit area is related to the grain size. The grain size has a decisive influence on the mechanical properties of metals such as tensile strength, toughness, and plasticity. By examining the grain size of a material, its performance can be evaluated.

  

 

| Testing Standards

 

GB/T 6394-2002 Metallic materials - Determination of average grain size

 

ASTM E112-2013 Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size

 

YS/T 347-2004 Copper and copper alloys - Determination of average grain size

 

 

| Service Products / Fields

 

Steel, copper alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, nickel alloys, titanium alloys, etc.

 

 

 

| Typical Images

 

 

 

Grain size of oxygen-free copper (polarized light + differential interference)

Grain size of aluminum alloy (polarized light)

 

 

Grain size of commercial pure iron

Grain size of aluminum alloy

 

 

 

| MTT Advantages

 

1. Professional Team: A team of highly experienced testing engineers and technical experts.

 

2. Advanced Equipment: Equipped with internationally leading testing instruments to ensure accuracy and reliability of results.

 

3. Efficient Service: Rapidly respond to customer needs and provide one-stop, high-efficiency inspection services.

 

4. Authoritative Certification: The laboratory is certified by ISO/IEC 17025, ensuring that test reports have international credibility.

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Further reading
Shear/Torsion Test Microscopic Metallographic Analysis Wear Test High-Temperature Mechanics Peel Strength Test Surface Roughness
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